Heat can be deadly.
高温致死。
As summer temperatures climb, heat illnesses become a more serious risk, particularly among young children, older adults, outdoor workers, athletes, the unhoused, and people who are pregnant or have chronic health conditions.
随着夏季气温的上升，高温疾病的风险变得越发严重，特别是幼儿、老年人、户外工作者、运动员、流浪者和孕妇或患有慢性疾病的人。
“On any day with extreme heat, emergency rooms in Los Angeles see an additional 1,500 patients,” said Dr. David Eisenman, a professor at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and co-leader of a research project to address extreme heat in Los Angeles.
“极端炎热以来的每一天，洛杉矶的急诊室都会有1500名病人，”大卫·艾森曼博士说。他是加州大学洛杉矶分校公共卫生学院的教授，也是解决洛杉矶极端高温问题的研究项目的联合负责人。
In fact, more people die from extreme heat events than any other climate-related hazard, including hurricanes, floods, wildfires or blizzards.
事实上，死于极端高温事件的人数比其他任何与气候相关的危险因素都要多，包括飓风、洪水、野火或暴风雪。
The problem of extreme heat disproportionately affects people living in low-income areas, where housing is often poorly insulated, there is less access to air conditioning, and neighborhoods have fewer trees to provide shade.
极端高温的问题不成比例地影响到生活在低收入地区的人们，那里的住房隔热性能往往都很差，使用空调的机会更少，社区提供阴凉的树木也更少。
When a heat wave strikes, one of the best ways to protect yourself, your family and your community is by learning to recognize the signs of heat exhaustion and heatstroke. It can literally save lives.
当热浪来袭时，保护你自己、你的家人和社区的最好方法之一就是学会识别中暑和中暑的迹象。因为它真的可以挽救生命。
You should also take steps to avoid overheating: Stay hydrated, limit activity during the heat of the day, if possible, and check in on those who are most vulnerable.
你还应该采取措施避免中暑：保持水分，如果可能的话，在白天的炎热天气中限制活动，并关注那些身体最脆弱的人。
Spotting the signs of heatstroke and heat exhaustion
发现中暑和中暑的迹象
Heat illnesses and injuries range from simple heat rash and sunburn to more serious conditions such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的说法，热性疾病和伤害的范围从简单的热性皮疹和晒伤，到中暑和中暑等更严重的情况。
All call for cooling down the affected individual and getting them out of the sun. Heatstroke, ever, can be deadly, said Dr. Mark Morocco, professor of emergency medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and attending faculty at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center emergency department.
所有人都呼吁给受影响的人降温，让他们脱离阳光。加州大学洛杉矶分校大卫·格芬医学院急诊医学教授、加州大学洛杉矶分校医学中心急诊科罗纳德·里根的教员罗克·摩洛哥博士说，中暑可能是致命的。
Morocco said. “Heatstroke is an emergency, a very big emergency, the way a regular brain stroke is. That’s something where you need to immediately react and get your person to somebody who can help them. That means calling 911.”
摩洛哥说：“中暑是一种紧急情况，一种非常大的紧急情况，就像一次常规的脑中风一样。这是你需要立即做出反应，让你的人找到能帮助他们的人，并且拨打911。”
Heatstroke is when the body’s core temperature exceeds 103 degrees. Such high temperatures “cook” the body at a cellular level, “so proteins stop working and basic body functions begin to break down,” Morocco said.
中暑是指身体的核心温度超过103度。摩洛哥说，如此高温在细胞水平上“烹饪”身体，“因此蛋白质停止工作，身体的基本功能开始分解。”
Symptoms of heatstroke
中暑症状
People experiencing heatstroke often begin acting strangely, like they are “drunk with heat,” Morocco said. A person who is dangerously overheating may:
摩洛哥说，中暑的人通常开始表现奇怪，就好像他们“喝醉了热量”。出现严重过热的人可能会：
Seem confused or agitated
看起来困惑或激动
Have trouble walking or talking
走路或说话困难
Experience nausea or dizziness
恶心或头晕
An individual experiencing these symptoms needs immediate cooling and emergency medical attention. Call 911, and while waiting for help to arrive:
出现这些症状的人需要立即降温和紧急医疗护理。请拨打911，在等待帮助到达的同时：
Get the person out of the heat, into shade or an air-conditioned space.
让人远离炎热，进入阴凉处或空调房。
Loosen or remove tight or constricting clothing.
松开或脱下拉紧或收缩的衣服。
Begin cooling the person down however you can. Apply cold, damp towels to their body or spritz them with cold water. If possible, point a fan at dampened skin to create evaporative cooling.
开始尽可能地给病人降温。用冷湿毛巾敷在身上或喷冷水。如果可能，将风扇朝向潮湿的皮肤，帮助水份蒸发身体降温。
Take action to prevent serious illness
采取措施预防疾病加重
Stay out of the sun during the hottest times of the day, if possible. If you exercise outdoors, aim for early morning or late evening. When spending a day at the beach or the park, seek out a shady spot. Remind children to rest periodically and drink water.
尽可能避免在最炎热的正午外出。户外锻炼选在清晨或深夜。当你将在海滩或公园度过，找一个阴凉的地方。提醒儿童定期休息和喝水。
More tips on staying safe in the heat from the CDC
更多关于在高温下保持安全的建议
Pay attention to the humidity: Hot temperatures coupled with humidity are particularly dangerous. If it’s too humid for sweat to easily evaporate, the human body struggles to cool itself down. Take extra care to avoid overheating when it’s hot and muggy out.
注意湿度：高温加上湿度特别危险。如果天气太潮湿，汗水不容易蒸发，人体就会努力降温。因此，当天气闷热时要格外小心，避免过热。
Stay inside, if you can: Seek out air-conditioned environments, if possible. If you don’t have air conditioning, check your county public health department for cooling centers, or go to a public library, the movies, or other air-conditioned environment(s).
尽可能待在室内：如果可能的话，寻找有空调的场所。如果你家里没有空调，查看你所在的县公共卫生部门的冷却中心，或去公共图书馆，电影，或其他有空调的地方。
Beware the electric fan: When temperatures reach the high 90s, electric fans will not prevent heat-related illness. Taking a cool shower or bath or moving to an air-conditioned place is a much better way to cool off.
注意电风扇：当温度达到90度时，电风扇并不能防止与热相关的疾病。洗个冷水浴或泡冷水浴或搬到有空调的地方是一种更好的降温方式。
Dress for the heat: Wear loose-fitting, light-colored, lightweight clothes.
合适的着装：穿宽松、浅色、轻便的衣服。
Listen to your body: If exertion in the heat makes your heart pound and leaves you gasping for breath, stop all activity. Get into a cool area or into the shade, and rest, especially if you become lightheaded, confused, weak, or faint.
倾听你的身体：如果炎热使你的心脏跳动，让你喘气，请停止所有活动。进入一个凉爽的地方或阴凉处，休息一下，尤其是当你头昏头花、困惑、虚弱或晕倒的时候。
Wear sunscreen: Sunburn affects your body’s ability to cool down and can make you dehydrated. If you must go outdoors, protect yourself from the sun by wearing a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and by putting on sunscreen of SPF 15 or higher 30 minutes prior to going out.
涂防晒霜：晒伤会影响你身体的降温能力，并会使你脱水。如果你必须去户外，请在出门前戴上宽边帽，戴上太阳镜，并在出门前30分钟涂上SPF 15或倍数更高的防晒霜。
Drink plenty of fluids: Drink more fluids regardless of how active you are. Don’t wait until you’re thirsty to drink. And avoid alcoholic drinks or those that are high in sugar.
多喝水：不管你如何活动，都多喝水。不要等到你渴了再去喝。避免喝酒精饮料或高糖饮料。
Replace salt and minerals: Heavy sweating removes salt and minerals from the body that need to be replaced. A sports drink can replace the salt and minerals you lose in sweat.
替代盐和矿物质：大量出汗会去除体内需要更换的盐和矿物质。运动饮料可以帮助你补充汗水中流失的盐和矿物质。
Never leave children or pets in cars: Cars can quickly heat up to dangerous temperatures, even with a window cracked open and when the outside temperatures are relatively mild.
永远不要把孩子或宠物留在车里：汽车会迅速加热到危险的温度，即使窗户会打开，外面的温度相对温和。
Stay informed: Check the news for extreme heat alerts and safety tips and to learn about any cooling shelters in your area.
关注更新：及时查看极端高温警报和安全提示，并了解你所在地区的所有冷却室。
