It’s full on summer here in California, and that means barbecues, beaches and outdoor activities galore — along with tons of time soaking up the sun’s rays. Here’s a not-so-fun fact: Most skin cancers are the direct result of too much sun, and it’s also the prime culprit for early aging. Think wrinkles, leathery skin and liver spots. Ugh.

加州满是夏天的味道，这意味着烧烤、海滩和户外活动会越来越多—因而会长时间曝晒在太阳下。可不那么让人愉快的事实是：过多的阳光曝晒是导致大多数皮肤癌和早期衰老的罪魁祸首。想想皱纹，粗糙和雀斑，是多么的糟心啊。

July is UV Safety Awareness month.If you think you already know it all, go ahead and test your sun safety IQ. We bet you’ll learn a few age-defying tips.

七月是紫外线安全意识月。如果你已具备相关知识，那就去测试你的太阳安全智商吧。我们打赌你会学到一些抗老的技巧。

1. Don’t fear sunscreen

不要害怕防晒霜

You know that cigarettes are carcinogenic, right? So are the sun’s rays. Sunscreen remains one of the best ways to protect yourself.

你知道香烟是致癌的，对吧？同理太阳的光线也是如此。因而防晒霜仍是保护自己的最好方法之一。

A recent study found that some sunscreens contain chemicals that can be quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, but don’t panic: The consensus among dermatologists is that the benefits of sunscreen still far outweigh the risks. Dr. Emily Newsom, from UCLA Health, was recently interviewed by Getting Curious and made the point that everything we put on our skin gets absorbed into the bloodstream — from moisturizers to makeup. “What’s important about this study is that it didn’t show any harmful effects,” Newsom said. “It didn’t show any toxicity.” She and the FDA both agree that more study is needed, but that skin cancer is a much bigger threat than sunscreen.

最近的一项研究发现，一些防晒剂所含的化学物质会被迅速吸收到血液中去，但不要惊慌：皮肤科医生的共识是防晒霜的好处仍然远远超过风险。来自UCLA Health的Emily Newsom博士近期接受了Getting Curious的采访，她指出，从保湿霜到化妆品，任何涂抹在我们皮肤上的东西都会被吸收到血液中。重要的是研究显示并未有任何有害影响，”Newsom说。“她和FDA（食品及药物管理局）都赞同需要进行更多的研究，但皮肤癌的威胁要比防晒霜大得多。”

2. Read sunscreen labels

读懂防晒霜标签

The FDA has proposed new regulations to make sure that sunscreens are safe and effective, and they have already deemed two sunscreen ingredients safe: zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, ingredients that are commonly used in most physical blocker sunscreens. (As a bonus, these are the compounds that are also considered safe for coral reefs.) The FDA has deemed two sunscreen ingredients unsafe: PABA and trolamine salicylate. The FDA is also proposing that sunscreens with an SPF of 15 or higher provide “broad-spectrum” coverage — meaning that they block both UVA and UVB rays.

FDA（食品及药物管理局）已经提出了新的规定，以确保防晒霜是安全且有效的，他们认为两种防晒霜成分是安全的：氧化锌（zinc oxide）和二氧化钛（titanium dioxide），是大多数物理防晒霜中常用的成分。(更重要的是，这些化合物也被认为对珊瑚礁是安全的。) 同时FDA认为两种防晒霜成分是不安全的：对-氨基苯甲酸（PABA）和水杨酸曲胺（trolamine salicylate）。FDA还建议SPF为15或更高的防晒霜提供“广谱”覆盖-这意味着它们可以同时阻挡UVA和UVB射线。

3. Boost your sunscreen IQ

提高你的防晒霜智商

There is a lot of misinformation when it comes to sunscreen and sun safety but the basics are as easy as jumping in the pool on a hot day: Avoid direct sunlight, especially in the middle of the day, and get in the habit of covering up if you’re spending time outdoors. That means wearing a hat and sunglasses and liberally applying sunscreen to any exposed skin.

人们对防晒霜和防晒安全有很多错误认识，但了解最基本的方法就像在炎热的一天跳进游泳池一样容易：避免阳光直射，尤其是在中午，如果你在户外活动，就养成遮掩的习惯。戴上帽子和太阳镜，在裸露的皮肤上涂上防晒霜。

4. People with darker skin tones need and deserve sun protection

肤色偏深的人需要并应受做好防晒

Did you know that Bob Marley died from an aggressive form of skin cancer that primarily affects people of color? In fact, African Americans have the lowest survival rates for melanoma skin cancers of any racial group in the U.S. Part of the reason for that high mortality rate is the stubborn myth that people with darker skin can’t get skin cancer.

你知道 Bob Marley 死于一种主要影响有色人种的侵袭性皮肤癌吗？事实上，非洲裔美国人对黑色素瘤皮肤癌的存活率是美国所有种族中最低的。高死亡率的部分原因是一个顽固的神话，即肤色较深的人不可能患皮肤癌。

UC Health dermatologists are working to debunk that claim and ensure that people of color get the excellent skin care they deserve. Pioneering dermatology clinics at UCSF and UC Davis are specifically designed to meet the needs of people of color, part of larger UC-wide efforts to end pervasive health care disparities.

然而UC Health皮肤病学家正在努力揭穿这种说法，并证实有色人种应得到更好的肌肤护理。加州大学旧金山分校（UCSF）和加州大学戴维斯分校（UC Davis）的先进皮肤病诊所专门为满足有色人种的特殊需求进行研究，这是加州大学为消除普遍存在的医疗差距而不断做出的努力之一。

5. Everyone looks cool in sunglasses

每个戴太阳镜的人看起来都很酷

UV rays can play havoc with your eyesight, so take a cue from Hollywood and don a pair of shades. Not only will you be minimizing your risk for eye cancer, cataracts, inflammation and even blindness, but you will look amazing and mysterious.

紫外线会破坏你的视力，所以从好莱坞学点东西，戴副墨镜吧。这不仅会把你患上眼癌、白内障、炎症甚至失明的风险降到最低，而且会让你看起来令人惊奇和神秘莫测。